4-Aminophenylphosphorylcholine, when conjugated to sepharose, serves as an effective adsorbent for affinity precipitation experiments. This compound functions as a probe facilitating selective binding and isolation processes in biochemical studies.

Pectin是从高等植物细胞壁中提取的一种杂多糖。作为纳米颗粒制备，它用作活性分子的运载载体。此外，Pectin还具有吸附剂和广谱抗菌剂的功能，能够结合肠道粘膜中的细菌毒素及其他刺激物，从而缓解受刺激的黏膜。

Citrate synthase 在三羧酸循环中催化第一步反应：乙酰辅酶 A 与草酰乙酸缩合生成柠檬酸盐。柠檬酸合酶位于真核细胞的线粒体基质中。

β-Muricholic acid (β-MCA) is a murine-specific primary bile acid.[1],[2] Dietary administration of β-MCA reduces HMG-CoA reductase activity in liver microsomes from mice fed a high cholesterol and cholic acid diet.[3] Dietary administration of β-MCA also dissolves 100% of gallstones in a gallstone-susceptible mouse model of diet-induced cholesterol gallstones.[4]

Nafenopin是一种过氧化物酶体增殖剂，具有促肝肿瘤活性，同时也可作为抗高脂蛋白血症的药物。Nafenopin可在体内诱导氧化应激，体现出对肝脏的影响，其作用机制与其他非基因毒性致癌物相比具有明显差异。

Dihydrozeatin riboside 属于细胞分裂素类化合物，可从Phaseolus vulgaris L中提取。