PF-04449613 is a phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) inhibitor (IC50= 22 nM).1It is selective for PDE9A over PDE1C (IC50= >1,000 nM), as well as over a variety of other PDEs, inhibiting PDE2-8, -10, and -11 activity by less than 30% in a panel of enzymes, ion channels, and transporters at 1 μM but does inhibit the human dopamine transporter (DAT; Ki= 293 nM). PF-04449613 (0.1-100 mg/kg, s.c.) increases cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of cyclic GMP (cGMP) in rats. Subcutaneous administration of PF-04449613 (10 mg/kg) increases the rate of dendritic spine formation and elimination in mouse primary motor cortex pyramidal neuronsin vivo.2It increases the average running speed of mice in an accelerating rotarod task, indicating improved motor learning, at the same dose. 1.Claffey, M.M., Helal, C.J., Verhoest, P.R., et al.Application of structure-based drug design and parallel chemistry to identify selective, brain penetrant, in vivo active phosphodiesterase 9A inhibitorsJ. Med. Chem.55(21)9055-90

Benserazide is an inhibitor of dopa decarboxylase. It is often given with levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system an

ML202作为一种变构激活剂，针对人丙酮酸激酶M2 (hPK-M2)展现出高度特异性，能够影响磷酸烯醇丙酮酸(PEP)结合的协同性，而对二磷酸腺苷(ADP)的结合几乎无影响。

Pterine-6-carboxylic acid (6-Carboxypterin) 是叶酸的光降解产物，可被用作光敏感剂研究UVA 破环DNA 结构的分子机制。

Disodium monofluorophosphate (NSC248) 是丙酮酸激酶和碱性磷酸酶的竞争性抑制剂，它也不可逆地抑制磷酸化酶磷酸酶。

(Rac)-Etavopivat((Rac)-FT-4202) 是Etavopivat 异构体。Etavopivat 是一种具有口服活性的的红细胞丙酮酸激酶-R (PKR) 激活剂，可以用于镰状细胞病和其他血红蛋白疾病研究。