(Ile8)-Oxytocin 是一种神经垂体激素间催产素，在有袋动物中产生。

Electrolyte and fluid transport in the kidney are regulated in part by arachidonic acid and its metabolites. 16-HETE is a minor CYP450 metabolite of arachidonic acid released by the kidney upon angiotensin II stimulation that demonstrates stereospecific biological activity. Electrolyte and fluid transport in the kidney are regulated in part by arachidonic acid and its metabolites. 16-HETE is a minor CYP450 metabolite of arachidonic acid released by the kidney upon angiotensin II stimulation that demonstrates stereospecific biological activity. 16(S)-HETE inhibits proximal tubule ATPase activity by as much as 60% at a concentration of 2 µM.[1]

(±)9-HODE cholesteryl ester was originally extracted from atherosclerotic lesions and shown to be produced by Cu2+-catalyzed oxidation of LDL. Later studies determined that 15-LO from rabbit reticulocytes and human monocytes were able to metabolize cholesteryl linoleate, a major component of LDL, to 9-HODE cholesteryl ester.

Neuraminic acid是由9个碳原子的主链构成的酸性氨基糖，也是丙酮酸与D-甘露胺(2-氨基-2-脱氧甘露糖)醛酸经缩合反应生成的产物。它作为具有生物活性的黏液蛋白的官能团。

D-Fructose 1-phosphate disodium salt 是果糖的衍生物。它是葡萄糖代谢的重要中间体。

m-Tyramine has effects on the adrenergic and dopaminergic receptor.m-Tyramine is an endogenous trace amine neuromodulator.

9-PAHPA，一种羟基脂肪酸的脂肪酸酯 (FAHFA)，属于一类新的内源性脂质家族，显示出抗糖尿病和抗炎特性。

Carboxylesterase (CESs), 即羧酸酯水解酶，广泛分布于自然界，常见于哺乳动物肝脏，常用于生化研究。Carboxylesterase 催化多种内源和外源底物的水解，包括酯、硫酯、氨基甲酸酯和酰胺，使羧酸酯水解成相应的醇和羧酸。

Galactose oxidase (GOase) 半乳糖氧化酶来自真菌，常用于生化研究。Galactose oxidase 是一种 II 型铜金属酶，含有单一多肽。Galactose oxidase 催化伯醇的双电子氧化生成相应的醛，并将二氧还原为过氧化氢。