6'-Sialyllactose (6'-SL) 是人乳中含量最丰富的低聚糖之一，具有显著的益生元活性，能促进有益菌(如双歧杆菌和乳杆菌)生长，同时抑制有害菌增殖。此外，6'-SL 展现出多效生物活性：它能通过调节肠道菌群与脑-肠轴缓解焦虑；通过抑制 VEGF 介导的血管生成(抑制 Akt-ERK 信号)缓解前列腺增生；并能增加肌肉质量与力量以提升运动耐力。此外，它还能减少铜绿假单胞菌在肺细胞中的内化。

MEK-IN-6（Example 69）是一种针对MEK的抑制剂，在A375细胞中有效抑制ERK1/2（THR202/Tyr204）的磷酸化，其IC50值为2 nM。此化合物主要应用于癌症研究领域。

2-Hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone enhances apoptosis of U937 cells,in part,through activation of p-p38MAPK and downregulation of p-ERK1/2; triggers caspase-3 activation mediated apoptotic induction.

Ent-11alpha-Hydroxy-15-oxokaur-16-en-19-oic acid has anti-cancer activity, it induces apoptosis of human malignant cancer cells, it also inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo via stabilizing IkBα.

Glycinexylidide (GX) 是一种 Lidocaine 的活性代谢物。作为有效的局部麻醉药，Lidocaine 可以通过阻断复杂电压依赖性的钠通道来发挥作用。此外，它还能抑制胃癌细胞生长、迁移和侵袭。GX 显示出在麻醉、癌症治疗和心血管疾病研究中的应用潜力。

EtDO-P4是一种细胞可渗透的强效神经酰胺类似物，作为 UDP-葡萄糖神经酰胺葡萄糖基转移酶(UGCG)的高选择性纳米摩尔级抑制剂，可阻断鞘糖脂(GSLs)的合成。通过降低细胞膜上GSLs的水平，抑制EGFR诱导的ERK信号通路及多种受体酪氨酸激酶 (RTKs)的活化，在多种肿瘤模型中展现出抗增殖活性。此外，EtDO-P4 还被报道可降低化疗耐药性并增强传统抗癌药物（如长春新碱、顺铂）的细胞毒性。

Enniatin B1 crosss the blood-brain barrier. Enniatin B1 decreases the activation of ERK (p44/p42). Enniatin B1 inhibits moderately TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation.Enniatin B1 is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Enniatin B1 inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC50 of 73 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes.

PB1 is a highly-effective intracellular disulfide reducing agent with notable attributes such as excellent cell permeability, the capacity to generate a substantial intracellular concentration gradient, and remarkable stability. It serves as a borane-protected TCEP (tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine) analogue. PB1 demonstrates the potential to enhance the survival of retinal ganglion cells following axotomy in vitro at concentrations in the nanomolar and picomolar range. Consequently, PB1 has proven instrumental in the study of neuroprotective properties[1][2][3].

Enniatins B decreases the activation of ERK (p44/p42). Enniatin B is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Enniatin B inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC50 of 113 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes.